The Mongolia Third-Neighbour Trade Act was introduced by Republican congressman Ted Yoho, who explains: ‘the bill is not just about imports of cashmere; it is smart policy that supports a strong, independent Mongolia that continues to be a beacon of freedom in the region and strategic partner of the Unites States. He said ‘It is estimated that this simple act will create upwards of 40,000 jobs primarily for women who make up 90 percent of the garment industry in Mongolia. We look forward the bill will be signed into law by President Donald Trump’.

The bill would support an important sector of Mongolian economy and reduce US imports of Chinese cashmere products. Mongolian cashmere is a brand and of itself.

Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation initially planned the first deliveries of the jet for 2008. However, the date was pushed back five times due to production difficulties. Orders for the aircraft that once totaled 474 units from US and Japanese carriers have been reportedly reduced to 407 jets so far.

The Japanese conglomerate, a longtime supplier of aircraft components to Boeing, invested over 600 billion yen ($5.36 billion) into MRJ as of March 2018 with another 200 billion yen ($1.8bn) expected to be pumped into the project by the end of 2020. In October, Mitsubishi announced plans to invest an extra 170 billion yen ($1.5bn) in capital into its aircraft unit, canceling 50 billion yen ($446mn) of the debt owed by the division.

The long-anticipated MRJ, which is designed for local air transportation, may become a peer competitor for such mainstays as Canada's Bombardier, whose C Series regional planes are marketed as the Airbus A220, after the 2017 acquisition of the unit by the European aerospace giant. The Japanese jet is also expected to provide keen competition to Brazil's Embraer that announced plans to create a joint venture for Embraer's airliners in 2018.

The newcomers in the sector of regional air service, such as the Russian Sukhoi Superjet-100 and the Chinese Comac ARJ21, which are currently undergoing test flights, may also challenge Airbus and Boeing.

Mitsubishi is currently involved in legal proceedings with Montreal–based Bombardier. In October, the Canadian aircraft manufacturer filed a lawsuit, accusing the Japanese corporation of stealing secret information and causing Bombardier “to suffer irreparable financial loss.”

Mitsubishi counter-sued, saying that the Canadian aircraft producer had violated antitrust regulations through “a multifaceted scheme to expand its power within the regional jet market by impeding the entrance of a new competing aircraft.”

Since 2012, the volume of the economy has expanded and the budget revenue outreached the trillion mark. As a result of mega projects in the mining industry, such as Oyu Tolgoi, Mongolia's economy has developed its basic structure. Also, public expenditures, revenues, and investments have improved from the 1990s. The amount of capital that is being allocated from the budget to rural administrations is reaching billions of MNT. As a result, companies' investment in the public sector such as schools, kindergartens, hospitals, and road bidding are becoming more competitive.

However, some of the taxpayers' money is being wasted in the name of financial investment. In particular, the construction costs have exceeded budget allocation over the years. Many of the buildings, roads, and bridges that have not been completed after the election still remain as carcasses. Construction costs have been increased 2-5 times.

According to a survey conducted by the Open Society Forum, the Government budgeted MNT 2.5 trillion to finance 887 projects, activities, and constructions in 2019.

In general, major maintenances burden the budget. A total of MNT 84.9 billion has been planned for 75 major maintenance works this year. The maintenance budget is mainly expected to contribute to the transport sector.

Mongolia is expected to purchase 42 new equipment worth MNT 102.4 billion this year. If the MNT rate falls, this figure will rise. Analysts believe that budget management is deriving and that it is time to estimate the socio-economic efficiency of the budget.

Arab countries have shown great interest in cooperation with Beijing. Apart from joining the Belt and Road Initiative, 12 Arab states established strategic partnerships, including comprehensive ones, with China.

“The Arab representatives said the BRI cooperation with China brings immense opportunities to Arab countries to advance reform and accelerate growth,” Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lu Kang told journalists at a news conference on Wednesday.

The Sino-Arab cooperation on the project is to receive another “strong impetus” as many Arab state leaders are expected to attend the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, which will be held in Beijing later this month, according to the diplomat.

China is the second-largest trading partner for the Arab world with $190 billion trade turnover as of 2017, according to the assistant secretary general of the Arab League, Khalil Thawadi, as quoted by the Jordan Times. The official noted that 21 Arab states signed memoranda of understanding on the new Silk Road in 2018.

China’s ambitious global trade infrastructure project is expanding globally. This week, Switzerland showed its intention to sign up for the BRI. In March, Italy faced criticism from its European allies as it officially became the first G7 nation to join the initiative, and shortly afterwards, Luxembourg signed a memorandum of understanding on participation in the project. Memoranda of understanding were also signed by Greece and Portugal in August and December last year respectively.

First of all, L.Oyun-Erdene, head of the Cabinet Secretariat of Government, was given a duty to study a possibility to depute a government representative in charge of providing state organizations with unified management and improving their coherence, in the Gashuunsukhait border checkpoint, and resolve this issue before June 1.

The Board of Directors of the Erdenes Mongol LLC and authority of Gashuun Sukhait Road LLC were assigned to complete maintaining auto roads in route Tavantolgoi – Gashuunsukhait and improving traffic signs within the second quarter of this year. A road repair and upkeep unit will be set up in the Gashuun Sukhait Road LLC with provision of necessary equipment.

D.Sarangerel, Minister of Health, and authorities of Erdenes Mongol LLC, Erdenes Tavan Tolgoi, Tavantolgoi and Energy Resources companies were obliged to fund for providing health services along Tavantolgoi-Gashuunsukhait road.

To protect interest of Mongolian drivers, D. Tsogtbaatar, Minister of Foreign Affairs, was given a duty to scrutinize a possibility and necessity to open a branch of the Mongolian General Consul in Hohhot, China at Gants Mod border checkpoint.

In addition, corresponding ministers and officials were assigned to put permanent control on food supply, hygiene and safety of drivers and pay attention on their social issues.

There are 176 companies transporting coal in route Tavantolgoi-Tsagaan Khad-Gashuun Sukhait border checkpoint by 12918 vehicles.

Members of the dinosaur family Hadrosauridae, also known as duck-billed dinosaurs, were widespread and ecologically important large herbivores during the Late Cretaceous epoch, but little is known about their early evolution.

In recent years, many new hadrosaurid species have been filling in this picture, but few complete remains are known from the early part of the Late Cretaceous, which is when the group originated.

Dr. Khishigjav Tsogtbataaar from the Mongolian Academy of Science and colleagues found a new species closely related to Hadrosauridae, Gobihadros mongoliensis.

An almost complete and undeformed skull and skeleton of this dinosaur, as well as extensive referred material, were unearthed in the Bayshin Tsav region of the Gobi Desert.

An anatomical analysis revealed that Gobihadros mongoliensis doesn’t quite fit into Hadrosauridae, but is a very close cousin, making it the first such dinosaur known from complete remains from the Late Cretaceous of central Asia.

“Gobihadros mongoliensis did not directly give rise to later Asian hadrosaurs,” the paleontologists said.

“Instead, those Asian hadrosaurs appear to have migrated over from North America during the Late Cretaceous.”

“The new species and its close Asian relatives seem to disappear as these new hadrosaurs enter Asia, suggesting that the invaders might have ultimately outcompeted species like Gobihadros mongoliensis.”

The discovery of Gobihadros mongoliensis is reported in the journal PLoS ONE

Mongolia joined the convention in 1991 and the Convention was revised and re-adopted in 2011 in Tokyo. UNESCO has approved a decision made by the Government of Mongolia on joining the revised convention and the convention will come into effect from May 1 in Mongolia.

About it, Minister Yo.Baatarbileg said "Nonrecognition of academic diplomas occurs for Mongolian students who intend to study in foreign countries. By acceding to the convention, higher education of Mongolia will be recognized in developed countries in Asia and the Pacific, especially in Japan, the Republic of Korea, Australia and New Zealand. By doing so, a door opens for Mongolian citizens to improve their professional skills, continue their study and work. However, it will not be directly recognized from next month. Rules and regulations in the revised convention will be introduced in domestic curriculum and its standards at first."

Chief of Section for Educational Innovation and Skills Development based at UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education Libing Wang noted that the convention has many significance. In particular, students from other Asian countries will study in Mongolia in addition to making it easy for Mongolians to study abroad. Moreover, reforms will be made in education sector of Mongolia in order to be internationally recognized.

The revised convention has entered into force in February, 2018 as five countries in the region joined it.

The export at the Gashuunsukhait-Gantsmod port, the main gateway for mining goods, was temporarily delayed in January and coal output dropped sharply as a result. Regardless, the coal supply was stable in the first quarter of this year.

Although coal exports increased in the first quarter of the year, a slow down in supply has been observed due to China's recent slowdown in exports, as well as the tightened customs control over the last few months. The same thing happened in 2018 and coal exports fell drastically for a short period. Specifically, coal export was temporarily suspended in November and almost put to a full stop in December. Mongolia intends to generate one-tenth of its budget revenue from coal. Although coal export is expanding, it remains uncertain whether if coal sales could reach MNT 1 trillion this year.

The export of copper concentrate, which is equally profitable as coal, increased by 7 percent to 361,400 tons in the first quarter. Mongolia exported 100 percent of its copper concentrate output to its southern neighbor China in the last quarter.

Another significant development was the growth in other commodities that make up lesser revenue compared to the previous two items have grown significantly. For example, iron ore export revenues increased by 66 percent to USD 106.5 million according to the National Statistical Office. Fluorspar export revenues increased by 62 percent to USD 40.5 million. Last year, Mongolia exported 110,600 tons of fluorspar and 69 percent of it exported to China and 30 percent to Russia. Only one percent of fluorspar was supplied to the Republic of Korea.

The Government is planning to launch the 2019-2024 action program to support the production of fluorspar production and export. The geological exploration study is about to exclude fluorspar resources in this sector. Accordingly, the industry experts are highlighting the need for revising the resource tax.