1 GOVERNMENT TO FORMALLY APPROACH RIO TINTO, OYU TOLGOI TO SAFEGUARD NATIONAL INTEREST WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/01/09      2 NON-COMPLIANT ADVERTISING BILLBOARDS TO BE REMOVED WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/01/09      3 FROM TORONTO, CANADA TO PHU QUOC, VIETNAM: MONGOLIA’S BOLD 2026 AVIATION EXPANSION INCLUDES NEW FLIGHTS, VISA-FREE TRAVEL, AND AIRPORT UPGRADES! WWW.TRAVELANDTOURWORLD.COM PUBLISHED:2026/01/09      4 MONGOLIA TO MARK 820TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE GREAT MONGOL EMPIRE WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/01/09      5 PARLIAMENT SUPPORTS SOLAR GER INITIATIVE UNDER NEW REGULATORY REFORMS WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/01/09      6 MONGOLIA TO PURCHASE 710 THOUSAND TONS OF GASOLINE FROM RUSSIA WWW.OPEN.KG PUBLISHED:2026/01/09      7 ULAANBAATAR TO INSTALL 11.7 KM OF STORM DRAINS AT 19 SITES WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/01/09      8 BUILDING MONGOLIA'S NEW, OLD CAPITAL AT KHARKHORUM WWW.THEDIPLOMAT.COM PUBLISHED:2026/01/08      9 BACKED BY INDONESIAN TYCOON, THIS LISTED FIRM RUSHES TO ACQUIRE A MONGOLIAN MINE WWW.CNBCINDONESIA.COM PUBLISHED:2026/01/08      10 PREPARATORY WORK LAUNCHED TO BRING THE BORTEEG DEPOSIT INTO ECONOMIC CIRCULATION WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2026/01/08      УЛААНБААТАРТ ӨНДӨР ТЕХНОЛОГИЙН ХОЁР ҮЙЛДВЭР БАЙГУУЛЖ, УСАН ХАНГАМЖИЙГ 80 ХУВИАР НЭМЭГДҮҮЛЛЭЭ WWW.GOGO.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/09     ХУУЛЬ БУС ЭЗЭМШИЛД БАЙСАН 15 БАРИЛГА БАЙГУУЛАМЖИЙГ НИЙСЛЭЛД БУЦААН АВЧЭЭ WWW.NEWS.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/09     МОНГОЛ УЛСАД 37 097 ГАДААД ИРГЭН ОРШИН СУУХ БҮРТГЭЛТЭЙ БАЙНА WWW.EAGLE.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/09     ҮСХ: 12 ДУГААР САРЫН ИНФЛЯЦ 7.5 ХУВЬТАЙ ГАРЛАА WWW.EAGLE.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/09     2026 ОНД НИЙСЛЭЛД ХЭРЭГЖИХ ТОМООХОН БҮТЭЭН БАЙГУУЛАЛТУУД WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/09     ДУЛААНЫ ТАРИФ НЭМЭГДҮҮЛЭХ ШИЙДВЭРИЙГ ХОЙШЛУУЛЖ, 2027 ОНЫ НЭГДҮГЭЭР САРЫН 1-НЭЭС НЭМНЭ WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/09     НИЙГМИЙН ДААТГАЛЫН ӨР ТӨЛБӨРТ ТООЦОЖ, "КАПИТАЛ" БАНКНААС ХУРААСАН ХӨРӨНГИЙГ ДУУДЛАГААР ХУДАЛДАНА WWW.GOGO.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/09     НИЙСЛЭЛИЙН 19 БАЙРШИЛД 11.7 КМ АВТО ЗАМЫН БОРООНЫ УС ЗАЙЛУУЛАХ ШУГАМ УГСАРНА WWW.ITOIM.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/08     "БНХАУ-ЫН НЭГ КОМПАНИТАЙ ШАТАХУУНЫ ГЭРЭЭ БАЙГУУЛСАН" WWW.NEWS.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/08     ЕРӨНХИЙ САЙД Г.ЗАНДАНШАТАР “РИО ТИНТО-Д ХАТУУ ШААРДЛАГА ХҮРГҮҮЛНЭ WWW.NEWS.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2026/01/08    

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MBCC “Doing Business with Mongolia seminar and Christmas Receptiom” Dec 10. 2025 London UK MBCCI London UK Goodman LLC

NEWS

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Mongolia Trades with 160 Countries www.montsame.mn

Mongolia traded with 160 countries in the first nine months of 2025, and the foreign trade turnover reached USD 19.2 billion.
Exports amounted to USD 10.7 billion and imports to USD 8.5 billion, resulting in a USD 2.2 billion trade surplus, reported the National Statistics Office of Mongolia.
Total trade turnover decreased by 5.7 percent or USD 1.2 billion from the same period of last year, exports by 9.1 percent or USD 1.1 billion, imports by 0.9 percent or USD 77.1 million, and the balance by 31.5 percent or USD 1 billion.
The USD-1.1-billion YoY decrease can be attributed to the reductions in coal by USD 2.7 billion, washed cashmere by USD 252 million, crude oil by USD 48.9 million, and mutton and goat meat by USD 14.1 million. Meanwhile, exports of copper ore and concentrates increased by USD 1.7 billion, combed animal hair by USD 141.9 million, and zinc ore and concentrates by USD 45.5 million.
The USD-77.1-million decrease in imports was mainly driven by lower imports of trucks (down USD 152.1 million), public transport vehicles (down USD 48.7 million), bulldozers and excavators (down USD 32.3 million), wheat (down USD 21 million), and diesel fuel (down USD 20.8 million). In contrast, imports of passenger cars increased by USD 66.2 million and of nitrogen fertilizers by USD 19.9 million.

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Mongolia Badly Needs Education Reform www.thediplomat.com

In the last few months, Mongolia has experienced intermittent strikes by both teachers and medical workers, demanding a pay raise and the allocation of financial resources from the state budget. The teachers’ strike, in particular, sparked a debate over Mongolia’s education sector at large regarding unequal access to and quality of education in rural and urban areas.
A typical academic year starts on September 1 in Mongolia. This year, however, even before the start of school year, public school teachers threatened to strike if their wages weren’t increased. Between the months of September and October, Mongolia’s Education and Science Trade Union mobilized around 30,000 teachers and employees of 720 education organizations for a three-week worker’s strike, pressuring the government for higher wages.
The teachers’ strike couldn’t have come at a worst time either, as political rivalries encircled the ruling party, the Mongolian People’s Party (MPP), almost ousting another government. But what was more important to teachers and education advocates at the time was that despite the change of governments, financial resources for the education sector must be included in the state budget.
Public school teachers across Ulaanbaatar and some remote areas demanded that the government raise their salary to 2.8 million tugrik (around $780) a month. In response, Minister of Education Naranbayar Purevsuren rejected the strike, calling it illegal and not conducive toward positive changes in the system. The teachers and union supporters then called for his resignation.
Ex-Minister of Education Enkh-Amgalan Luvsantseren, defending his time in the post, highlighted that during the Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai government, teacher’s salaries were raised from 787,000 to 1,484.000 tugrik. Despite these increases, the Mongolian public showed support for the teachers, viewing their demand as legitimate.
To avoid further disruptions to the school year, Mongolia’s Prime Minister Zandanshatar Gombojav responded, promising a 20 percent increase in educator’s salaries. Moving forward, the Mongolian government is planning to increase the salary of teachers by 76 percent in two phases, beginning on January 1, 2026.
The social unrest in September and October highlights a deeper conundrum in Mongolia’s education sector. Truly fixing the system will require solving education inequality, reducing disparities between public and private education, and allocating a sustainable financial resources in public education.
According to several reports from the Ministry of Education, in 2024, a total of 855 schools were registered, of which 705 are public (79.7 percent) and 180 are private schools. The report also indicated that 726,175 students are enrolled in public schools, and 76,152 students are in private schools. Based on these numbers alone, it’s clear that the majority of Mongolian students depend on public schools – and public school teachers. Yet these schools are under strain, with growing class sizes in urban areas.
In 2007, the Mongolian government standardized the class size as public schools 32-35 students. Despite the resolution, amid the influx of migration from rural areas to Ulaanbaatar, the capital, class sizes have ballooned.
In Ulaanbaatar, teachers are working with an average of 50-60 students per class, with larger classes forced to be divided in two sections. Public schools in Sukhbaatar, Khan-Uul, and Chingeltei districts are known to have the largest classrooms.
Naranbayar, the education minister, told the press, “There are 8,028 classes with more than 35 students. In such a case, it is difficult to talk about the quality of education. At the moment, it is advisable to increase the teacher’s salary.”
During the latest discussion of the state budget, a public official from the Ulaanbaatar mayor’s office, Amartuvshin Amgalanbayar, criticized the government’s unequal distribution of financial resources. He highlighted that the new state budget includes building “13 schools in Arkhangai, 18 in Khuvsgul, 9 schools in Tuv aimag, and 10 schools in Uvurkhangai.” He stressed that more funds should go to construct new schools in Ulaanbaatar, with its population of 1.6 million people and class sizes of up to 60 students.
In contrast, private schools have much smaller classes, hence, lower student-teacher ratio and higher education quality. And this leads to another challenge in Mongolia’s education system: education inequality, both between public and private schools and between urban and rural areas.
One of the main challenges for both students and teachers from rural areas is the 12th graduate General Entrance Exam, which is requited to enter university in Mongolia. With limited resources and access to foreign language training, teachers in rural areas often fall short on foreign language competencies, in comparison to Ulaanbaatar-based educators. On the other extreme, private schools in urban areas have the luxury of hiring well-educated, well-trained teachers and private tutors to prepare students for exams such as IELTS and TOEFL.
The combination of these inequalities can hinder students’ ability to prepare for such exams, let alone to compete for scholarships and grants. Such unequal access to education in both rural and urban areas leaves vulnerable students at a competitive disadvantage.
For example, a 2024 General Entrance Examination statistical report showed that, on average, examinees from a provincial center scored 503 on the English language scale, while examinees from a soum (sub-provincial) center scored 470. Examinees from Ulaanbaatar city, meanwhile, scored 514 on average.
All these elements have contributed to the inequality of education access, furthering the divide between haves and have-nots in Mongolian society as a whole.
In support of improving English-language capabilities, in 2021, the Mongolian parliament adopted the Resolution on the Actions to Promote English Language Learning for All (2022-2025). On the government’s part, this was an attempt to remove disparities between rural and urban education, particularly for the teaching of English as a second language.
Mongolia’s international partners have been advocating for equal education and increasing access to higher education. The U.K. Embassy in Mongolia, for example, funded a 2025 UNICEF project to improve rural area teachers’ and students’ English language skills, which was implemented in Bayan-Ulgii province.
Given the ongoing crisis in Mongolia’s education sector, the Mongolian legislature is looking into finding an actionable solution to this complex issue. Yet the government is part of the problem. Education policies have been constantly changing in the last 30 years. The inconsistency and fluctuations in education curricula, regulations, and requirements weakened implementation and helped exacerbate education inequality between rural and urban, private and public schools.
One of the issues under new scrutiny is whether private education institutions should receive public support. Tax break and financial resources for private schools had been included in previous state budgets. Public opinion is sharply against this, with critics arguing that private schools should not benefit from tax relief since most of them are profit-seeking institutions. Critics also warn that giving financial breaks to private schools could deepen educational disparities and weaken public school systems. Mongolian legislators are currently debating the issue.
Last year, Mongolia’s parliament approved the “Government Action Program for 2024-2028,” which listed “Reform of the Education Sector” as one of the priority areas. The Action Program includes an impressive list of 40 initiatives to be implemented within a framework of four main goals: educating knowledgeable and competent specialists, advancing digital education, providing equal, accessible and quality education; and strengthening teaching and human resources.
The proposed education framework includes a focus on strengthening cooperation in English language, coding, robotics, and artificial intelligence skills development courses. If implemented efficiently, these courses will be introduced as early as third grade.
In the long term, the promised salary increases alone are not enough to achieve this ambitious vision. The Ministry of Education will need to implement actionable measures aimed at reducing the workload by changing the structure and organization of general education schools to reduce the number of students per teacher. If these issues are left unresolved, Mongolia’s education inequality will continue to widen, which will impact the country’s human capital.
Authors
Bolor Lkhaajav
Bolor Lkhaajav is a researcher specializing in Mongolia, China, Russia, Japan, East Asia, and the Americas. She holds an M.A. in Asia-Pacific Studies from the University of San Francisco.
Michidmaa Yadamjav
Michidmaa Yadamjav is a cultural anthropologist currenting studying at the Eötvös Loránd University in Hungary. Her research focuses on migration, education, and cultural policy.

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Mongolia exports 65 mln tons of coal in 10 months www.xinhuanet.com

Mongolia exported a total of 65 million tons of coal in the first 10 months of this year, the Mongolian Customs General Administration (MCGA) said Monday.
The figure was a decrease of 1.4 percent from the same period last year, the MCGA said in a statement.
The mining sector remains one of main pillars of the Mongolian economy, as the country is rich in natural resources such as gold, silver, copper and coal.

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‘Energy Resource’ and ‘China Energy’ Agree on 2026 Coal Trade Volumes and Market Prices www.montsame.mn

“Energy Resource” LLC and “China Energy” Group have agreed on coal trade volumes and market prices for 2026.
A delegation led by the Chief Executive Officer of Energy Resource LLC, Enkhbat Dorjpalam, and Vice President Tuvshinbayar Tagarvaa participated in the International Import Expo held in Shanghai, the People’s Republic of China. During the event, under the framework of a 10-year Strategic Cooperation Agreement with China Energy, the parties signed a Sub-Agreement to supply up to 4.9 million tons of coking coal concentrate and 1 million tons of low-grade coking coal at market prices next year.
Energy Resource noted that the recently completed Gashuunsukhait–Gantsmod railway connection project, successfully executed by China Energy, will further expand the scope and potential of bilateral cooperation.
The two companies originally signed a long-term Strategic Cooperation Agreement in 2018, establishing a customs-secured storage facility and a coal transshipment terminal at Gantsmod port with an annual handling capacity of 7 million tons in 2021 through joint investment.

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Delegation from Mongolia attends 30th Conference of the Parties to UN Framework Convention on Climate Change www.akipress.com

The 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is being held in Belém, Brazil, from November 6 to November 21, Montsame reported.
COP30 marks a milestone in the implementation of the Paris Agreement, as parties are expected to submit enhanced Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) to meet the agreement's temperature goals of limiting global warming to well below 2°C, and pursuing efforts to limit it to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.
The high-level segment of the conference is attended by representatives of 143 member states. The event is focused on strengthening national commitments to address climate change, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing the ambition of NDCs, fostering multilateral cooperation, and improving climate finance mechanisms to support developing countries.
The Mongolian delegation, led by State Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Munkhtushig Lkhanaajav and officials from the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change, is participating in COP30 following the country's recent submission of its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).
Mongolia's NDC outlines its commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 22.7% by 2030, expanding renewable energy capacity, and strengthening transparency frameworks for climate data and reporting.

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Digital Transformation: 90 Percent of Public Services to Go Online www.montsame.mn

The Government of Mongolia approved the “Digital First” initiative last September, which aims to digitize government policies, decisions, and all public services through technology to enhance efficiency and accessibility.
During the Prime Minister’s meeting with media representatives on November 9, 2025, Minister of Digital Development, Innovation, and Communications Batshugar Enkhbayar highlighted that conditions will be created for 90 percent of public services to be delivered digitally, saving an estimated MNT 1.1 trillion.
According to studies, integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into public procurement could increase institutional productivity by 10-20 percent. For example, the Erdenet Mining Corporation has digitalized its procurement process with AI, reducing tender processing time from 28 days to just 4 minutes.
In September, Mongolia connected public services to AI for the first time by launching the “E-Mongolia 5.0” system, through which citizens can now access 1,278 government services online.

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Direct Hanoi-Ulaanbaatar route to begin operating in December 2025 www.english.vov.vn

Aero Mongolia is set to launch direct Ulaanbaatar-Hanoi route in December, a service expected to boost tourism exchanges between Vietnam and Mongolia alongside visa-free travel policies.
It will operate the direct Ulaanbaatar-Hanoi route from mid-December 2025 through February 2026 as part of its winter schedule. The airline plans to run one weekly service using a narrow-body aircraft.
With a flight time of approximately five hours, the route will greatly reduce travel time between the two capitals, eliminating the need for lengthy layovers in the Republic of Korea (RoK) or Hong Kong, China. Air and tourism connectivity between Mongolia and Vietnam has strengthened in recent years, while the countries’ distinct landscapes, climate, and local cultures continue to attract visitors.
Since late 2024, Mongolian Airlines, the national carrier of Mongolia, has operated a direct route between Ho Chi Minh City and Ulaanbaatar. From Ulaanbaatar, travelers can access other destinations within Mongolia via domestic flights.

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Government Submits Five-Year Development Policy for 2026–2030 to Parliament www.montsame.mn

The Government of Mongolia submitted to the State Great Khural the draft Resolution on the Approval of the Five-Year Development Guidelines of Mongolia for 2026-2030 on October 30, 2025. In connection with this, Prime Minister of Mongolia Zandanshatar Gombojav met with media representatives on November 9, 2025, to present the policy framework titled “New Trust - Bold Reform” and provide detailed information. Cabinet members and relevant officials attended the meeting.
At the beginning of the meeting, Prime Minister Zandanshatar introduced Mongolia’s five-year development policy. He noted that Article 27.1.5 of the Constitution stipulates the stability of development policy and planning, emphasizing that Mongolia must learn from the past 30 years and define the path ahead. The prime minister stated that frequent policy changes with each change in government had been a major shortcoming in the past.
The new policy was developed in accordance with the Law on Development Policy and Planning, based on scientific evidence, and reflecting public opinion, as well as ensuring coherence and unity of objectives across all stages of planning and implementation. The draft was developed through consultations with scholars and researchers from the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, research institutions, and universities. Following the enactment of the Law on Development Policy and Planning in 2020, Mongolia adopted its first-ever five-year development policy. According to the law, the next five-year policy must be submitted to the State Great Khural two months before the expiry of the previous one. Accordingly, the draft Five-Year Development Guidelines of Mongolia for 2026-2030 has now been submitted.
The new policy aligns with “Vision-2050,” Mongolia’s long-term development policy, and the Government Action Program for 2024–2028. It encompasses eight strategic directions: Human Development; Social Development and Shared National Values; Economic and Infrastructure Development; Environment and Green Economy; Governance and Digital Transformation; Regional Development; National Competitiveness; and Science, Technology, and Artificial Intelligence. Within these areas, the document outlines 10 national goals, 35 sectoral outcomes, 85 institutional objectives, and 200 program results.
A key feature of the new framework is the inclusion of 10 national goals under the eight policy directions. These include raising productivity and diversification in the processing industry to sustain stable economic growth above 6 percent.
The policy also aims to narrow regional development disparities, promote economic diversification, and balance population migration, thereby increasing regional development indicators by 20 percent. It sets goals to improve the business environment, reduce state involvement in markets, promote fair competition, protect the rights of entrepreneurs and investors, and deepen tax and customs reforms. Mongolia’s competitiveness index is targeted to place the country among the world’s top 50 economies within the next five years.
In the education and health sectors, the plan seeks to ensure equitable access to quality services, develop a workforce aligned with labor market demands, and raise the Human Development Index to 0.813. Labor relations, wages, and social insurance will be better aligned to boost employment, reduce workplace accidents and labor rights violations and disputes, and expand the middle class by 20 percent.
Anti-corruption and governance actions will be taken to strengthen public trust in the judiciary and the rule of law, enhance transparency and accountability, improve national defense and resilience capacity, and expand citizen-centered digital public services under the principle of “Digital First.” As a result, Mongolia aims to rank among the world’s top 90 countries in governance indicators.

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Human rights assessment of E-Mongolia system conducted www.ubpost.mn

As part of its ongoing “Human Rights and e-Technology” public review, the National Human Rights Commission of Mongolia (NHRCM) is evaluating the legal and technological framework of the e-Mongolia system and the digitalization of civil registration.
From November 3–4, International Consultant Dr. Christoph Sperfeldt, a Senior Lecturer at Macquarie University in Australia, visited Ulaanbaatar to work on the study’s findings and recommendations. During his visit, Dr. Sperfeldt collaborated with the legal and technology teams of PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), the e-Mongolian Academy, the National Institute of Public Education, and other industry experts.
In addition to this core human rights assessment, the NHRCM conducted a sociological study on the accessibility, usability, and user experience of the e-Mongolia system. Conducted with the support of the international consulting firm Dalberg and the Independent Research Institute, the survey included 5,000 users from Ulaanbaatar City and four provinces. Findings revealed that the system is largely effective and convenient: 96 percent of respondents viewed it positively, 48 percent said it reduced costs compared to visiting government agencies in person, and many highlighted its ability to save time and paper. However, the study also indicated that users’ understanding of personal data protection remains insufficient.
A public discussion presenting the human rights assessment and the digitalization of civil registration is scheduled for December 2. The assessment is conducted with financial support from the Australian Government and forms a key component of the NHRCM’s oversight of technology and human rights in Mongolia.

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The Mongolian woman who will represent Serbia at Miss Universe has announced: "My roots are Asian, and my passport is Serbian" www.slobodenpecat.mk

After the stormy reactions in Serbia over the decision to have a girl of Mongolian and Russian descent represent the Miss Universe 2025 pageant, Jelena Egorova decided to speak out and share his message with the public.
Jelena Egorova, born in Yakutia in 1997, posted a message on her Instagram profile, where she introduced herself with a ribbon that says "Serbia".
"I am honored to represent Serbia, a country that welcomed me with open arms. My roots are Asian, my passport is Serbian, but my goal is universal – to show that beauty today means connection, not division. I want every girl who feels 'different' to see that she can belong anywhere, wherever she brings kindness, respect and strength."
"I am proud to represent Serbia, a country that welcomed me. My heritage connects Europe and Asia, and I see it as a bridge, not a border," she said.
Vesna Jugovic de Vinci, former organizer of the Miss Serbia pageant, reacted sharply to the situation, describing it as "unprecedented chaos."
"Nobody chose her. Albanian women represent multiple countries, how is that? So, complete chaos has occurred in the Miss Universe organization. This is a huge scandal for us... This Mongolian woman does not know Serbian, I guarantee that she does not have a passport, there are no conditions for it, she is lying and they are all lying, this Miss Universe organization is falling apart," she said.
Although the organizers of Miss Serbia claim that the country is not officially participating in the pageant this year, Egorova continues to present herself as a Serbian candidate.

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