1 PRIME MINISTER OYUN-ERDENE VISITS EGIIN GOL HYDROPOWER PLANT PROJECT SITE WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/04/30      2 ‘I FELT CAUGHT BETWEEN CULTURES’: MONGOLIAN MUSICIAN ENJI ON HER BEGUILING, BORDER-CROSSING MUSIC WWW.THEGUARDIAN.COM PUBLISHED:2025/04/30      3 POWER OF SIBERIA 2: ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY OR GEOPOLITICAL RISK FOR MONGOLIA? WWW.THEDIPLOMAT.COM PUBLISHED:2025/04/29      4 UNITED AIRLINES TO LAUNCH FLIGHTS TO MONGOLIA IN MAY WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/04/29      5 SIGNATURE OF OIL SALES AGREEMENT FOR BLOCK XX PRODUCTION WWW.RESEARCH-TREE.COM  PUBLISHED:2025/04/29      6 MONGOLIA ISSUES E-VISAS TO 11,575 FOREIGNERS IN Q1 WWW.XINHUANET.COM PUBLISHED:2025/04/29      7 KOREA AN IDEAL PARTNER TO HELP MONGOLIA GROW, SEOUL'S ENVOY SAYS WWW.KOREAJOONGANGDAILY.JOINS.COM  PUBLISHED:2025/04/29      8 MONGOLIA TO HOST THE 30TH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF ASIA SECURITIES FORUM WWW.MONTSAME.MN PUBLISHED:2025/04/29      9 BAGAKHANGAI-KHUSHIG VALLEY RAILWAY PROJECT LAUNCHES WWW.UBPOST.MN PUBLISHED:2025/04/29      10 THE MONGOLIAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND FDI: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITY WWW.MELVILLEDALAI.COM  PUBLISHED:2025/04/28      849 ТЭРБУМЫН ӨРТӨГТЭЙ "ГАШУУНСУХАЙТ-ГАНЦМОД" БООМТЫН ТЭЗҮ-Д ТУРШЛАГАГҮЙ, МОНГОЛ 2 КОМПАНИ ҮНИЙН САНАЛ ИРҮҮЛЭВ WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/30     ХУУЛЬ БУСААР АШИГЛАЖ БАЙСАН "БОГД УУЛ" СУВИЛЛЫГ НИЙСЛЭЛ ӨМЧЛӨЛДӨӨ БУЦААВ WWW.NEWS.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/30     МЕТРО БАРИХ ТӨСЛИЙГ ГҮЙЦЭТГЭХЭЭР САНАЛАА ӨГСӨН МОНГОЛЫН ГУРВАН КОМПАНИ WWW.EAGLE.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/30     "UPC RENEWABLES" КОМПАНИТАЙ ХАМТРАН 2400 МВТ-ЫН ХҮЧИН ЧАДАЛТАЙ САЛХИН ЦАХИЛГААН СТАНЦ БАРИХААР БОЛОВ WWW.EAGLE.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/30     ОРОСЫН МОНГОЛ УЛС ДАХЬ ТОМООХОН ТӨСЛҮҮД ДЭЭР “ГАР БАРИХ” СОНИРХОЛ БА АМБИЦ WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/30     МОНГОЛ, АНУ-ЫН ХООРОНД ТАВДУГААР САРЫН 1-НЭЭС НИСЛЭГ ҮЙЛДЭНЭ WWW.MONTSAME.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/29     ЕРӨНХИЙ САЙД Л.ОЮУН-ЭРДЭНЭ ЭГИЙН ГОЛЫН УЦС-ЫН ТӨСЛИЙН ТАЛБАЙД АЖИЛЛАЖ БАЙНА WWW.MONTSAME.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/29     Ц.ТОД-ЭРДЭНЭ: БИЧИГТ БООМТЫН ЕРӨНХИЙ ТӨЛӨВЛӨГӨӨ БАТЛАГДВАЛ БУСАД БҮТЭЭН БАЙГУУЛАЛТЫН АЖЛУУД ЭХЛЭХ БОЛОМЖ БҮРДЭНЭ WWW.MONTSAME.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/29     MCS-ИЙН ХОЁР ДАХЬ “УХАА ХУДАГ”: БНХАУ, АВСТРАЛИТАЙ ХАМТРАН ЭЗЭМШДЭГ БАРУУН НАРАНГИЙН ХАЙГУУЛЫГ УЛСЫН ТӨСВӨӨР ХИЙЖЭЭ WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/29     АМ.ДОЛЛАРЫН ХАНШ ТОГТВОРЖИЖ 3595 ТӨГРӨГ БАЙНА WWW.EGUUR.MN НИЙТЭЛСЭН:2025/04/29    

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MBCC “Doing Business with Mongolia seminar and Christmas Receptiom” Dec 10. 2024 London UK MBCCI London UK Goodman LLC

NEWS

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Apache tribe sues over Rio Tinto’s Resolution copper project www.reuters.com

Members of the San Carlos Apache tribe in Arizona on Tuesday said they have sued the Trump Administration to block a pending land swap that would give Rio Tinto the land it needs to build its Resolution Copper project.
Apache Stronghold, a non-profit organization that filed the lawsuit in the U.S. District Court in Phoenix, said it sought to stop the publication of a final environmental impact statement that will trigger the transfer of Oak Flat land to Resolution Copper.
Oak Flat, or Chi’chil Bildagoteel, is central to the Apache tribe’s traditional religion and identity. The land is located about 70 miles east of Phoenix in the Tonto National Forest.
“Giving away our sacred land by the US Government for destruction by a foreign mining company destroys our ability to practice our religion,” Apache Stronghold said in an emailed statement.
In a separate letter to the US Department of Agriculture obtained by Reuters, tribe chairman Terry Rambler said the department had failed to consider “substantial new information about cumulative impacts to groundwater resources,” particularly at the proposed tailings dam site.
He requested the department hold off publication until all new information had been considered: “At stake are potentially disastrous environmental impacts,” Rambler said.
Resolution Copper said it was reviewing the complaint.
“We remain committed to ongoing engagement with Native American Tribes to continue shaping the project and deliver initiatives that recognise and protect cultural heritage,” it said in a statement.
It has said that it anticipates the Oak Flat campgrounds will be open for at least the next several decades, and possibly longer, if it decides to go ahead with the project.
Minority partner BHP Group had no immediate comment.
US President Donald Trump’s outgoing administration plans to approve the land swap on Jan. 15, clearing a long-time hurdle for a project that is opposed by many Native Americans.
The statement is slated to be published on Friday, five days before Trump is replaced by President-elect Joe Biden.
While Biden has not spoken publicly about the project, he promised Arizona tribal leaders in October that they would “have a seat at the table” in his administration.
(By Derek Francis, Ernest Scheyder and Melanie Burton; Editing by Christopher Cushing)
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Mongolia's winter dzud set to be one of most extreme on record says Red Cross www.intellinews.com

The Red Cross has forecast that the extreme winter under way in Mongolia is set to be one of the worst on record and the most challenging for a decade.
Mongolia’s National Agency for Meteorology and Environmental Monitoring, meanwhile, has warned that more than 60% of the country is at risk of experiencing an extreme winter, with temperatures forecast to plummet to extreme lows of -50C for days on end. On January 12, local media reported that more than 500 Bactrian camels had so far been killed amid the extreme winter cold in the central Mongolian province of Uvurkhangai. Other regions have reported rapid death rates among small livestock this winter season.
Mongolia’s extreme winters in which large numbers of livestock perish are known as dzuds (or zuds). They threaten the health and livelihoods of thousands of Mongolian herders living in the country’s remote central and southern provinces. A dzud is caused by the double impact of drought in the summer followed by harsh winter conditions. Without summer rain, the grass does not grow and millions of livestock cannot put on enough weight to survive the winter. Herders are unable to stockpile sufficient harvests to feed the animals.
Mongolian Red Cross Society secretary general Bolormaa Nordov said: “Dzuds are devastating for the herder families who rely on their animals for almost everything, whether it’s meat and milk for food or the cashmere and skins they sell to buy supplies or pay school fees. Losing their animals means they can quickly fall into poverty.”
Experts note how dzuds force herders to move to urban settlements and leave their livelihoods behind.
The unwelcome news of the coming dzud has triggered the release of nearly 290,000 Swiss francs (about $314,000) from the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) disaster relief emergency fund. This will allow the Mongolian Red Cross to support 2,000 herder families in a bid to prevent major stock and economic losses through the distribution of cash grants and animal care kits.
The release of these funds come as part of the IFRC’s forecast-based financing approach.
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China once again Mongolia's biggest trading partner www.montsame.mn

Jan. 13 (Xinhua) -- China has maintained its position as Mongolia's biggest trading partner in 2020, according to data released by Mongolia's National Statistics Office on Wednesday.
Bilateral trade between Mongolia and China amounted to 7.4 billion U.S. dollars last year, accounting for 57.5 percent of Mongolia's total foreign trade.
In addition, China remained Mongolia's top export destination and import supplier in 2020, accounting for 72.5 percent and 36.1 percent, respectively.
Mongolia traded with 146 economies across the world in 2020. Enditem
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Mongolia plans to vaccinate 60 percent of population against coronavirus www.montsame.mn

Ulaanbaatar /MONTSAME/. In an effort to vaccinate the population, the government of Mongolia has been working actively since July 2020, reports the Ministry of Health.
One of the steps being taken is applying for the COVAX Facility, multilateral initiative aimed at accelerating the development and manufacturing of the coronavirus vaccines and guaranteeing fair and equitable access for every country in the world.
On July 16, 2020, Mongolia submitted its expression of interest to have access to safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines under the COVAX mechanism, which helped the country to join 92 countries that are eligible to be supported by the COVAX Advance Market Commitment (AMC).
In connection with this, Mongolia is preparing to vaccinate 60 percent of its population within the framework of the national plan on receiving and distribution of vaccines against COVID-19 and immunization activities, approved by the Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia, and is expecting to receive 20 percent of the vaccines needed under the COVAX initiative, according to the Health Ministry.
On December 10, 2020, the COVAX Facility Secretariat reaffirmed that Mongolia is one of the participating countries of the COVAX AMC, a financing instrument aimed at supporting the participation of 92 lower and middle income economies in the COVAX Facility.
On January 8, 2021, the Health Ministry in cooperation with international partners World Health Organization, UNICEF, World Bank and Asian Development Bank has conducted complex assessment on the country’s readiness to introduce COVID-19 vaccines in line with the COVID-19 Vaccine Introduction Readiness Assessment Tool, referred to as the VIRAT/VRAF 2.0. The result showed Mongolia is prepared to receive and use COVID-19 vaccines.
In addition, Mongolia has approved COVID-19 vaccine registration regulation this week, and registered three coronavirus vaccines currently available - Pfizer and BioNTech, AstraZeneca and Moderna in its drug registry.
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Mongolia counts 67.1 million head of livestock www.montsame.mn

Ulaanbaatar /MONTSAME/. According to the preliminary result of the annual livestock census of 2020, head of livestock in Mongolia totaled 67.1 million, of which 4.1 million horses, 4.7 million cattle, 472.9 thousand camels, 30.0 million of sheep, and 27.7 million goats.
Compared to the previous year, the total number of livestock decreased by 3.9 million (5.5%), of which number of goats decreased by 1.5 million (5.3%), sheep by 2.2 million (6.9%), cattle by 21.8 thousand (0.5%), and horses by 122.1 thousand (2.9%), but the number of camels increased by 521 (0.1%).
In terms of flocks of livestock, sheep account for 45.5% of the total number of livestock, with goats for 41.3%, cattle for 7.1%, horses for 6.1% and camels for 0.7%. It shows that the proper ratio traditionally set at 75:25 between sheep and goat was still lost with the ratio 52:48 in 2020.
Khovd, Dornogobi, Selenge, Uvs, Dornod, Sukhaatar, Bayan-Ulgii, Darkhan-Uul, Orkhon aimags, and Ulaanbaatar city showed an increase of livestock by 10.0-208.2 thousand respectively, compared to the previous year.
The reduction in the livestock amount was mainly due to the decrease in Uvurkhangai aimag by 1146.4 thousand (20.4%) head of livestock, Bayankhongor aimag by 805.0 thousand (17.3%), Arkhangai aimag by 768.3 thousand (12.5%), Khuvsgul aimag by 539.9 thousand (8.9%), Dundgobi aimag by 352.0 thousand (8.6%) and Gobi-Altai aimag by 286.9 thousand (8.0%) respectively.
In summer of 2020, most territories of the country were affected by drought. Also, a high risk of dzud, increased demand for hay and fodder, and overgrazing led to the increased meat production and livestock supply to the market, which caused a reduction in the herd size.
It was also influenced by the decrease in dams (206.9 thousand) and survived offspring (809.9 thousand) and the rise in natural losses of adult animals (944.5 thousand) as compared to previous year.
According to the 2020 preliminary result, the number of total households with livestock was 242.0 thousand, with an increase of 8.7 thousand (3.7%). By the number of animals, households with up to 50 animals increased by 7.4%, families with 51-200 animals and with 201-500 increased by 13.1% and 0.6% respectively, while families with 501-999 and over 1000 animals decreased by 8.2% and 17.4% respectively
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Sinovac: Brazil results show Chinese vaccine 50.4% effective www.bbc.com

A coronavirus vaccine developed by China's Sinovac has been found to be 50.4% effective in Brazilian clinical trials, according to the latest results released by researchers.
It shows the vaccine is significantly less effective than previous data suggested - barely over the 50% needed for regulatory approval.
The Chinese vaccine is one of two that the Brazilian government has lined up.
Brazil has been one of the countries worst affected by Covid-19.
Sinovac, a Beijing-based biopharmaceutical company, is behind CoronaVac, an inactivated vaccine. It works by using killed viral particles to expose the body's immune system to the virus without risking a serious disease response.
Several countries, including Indonesia, Turkey and Singapore, have placed orders for the vaccine.
Last week researchers at the Butantan Institute, which has been conducting the trials in Brazil, announced that the vaccine had a 78% efficacy against "mild-to-severe" Covid-19 cases.
But on Tuesday they revealed that calculations for this figure did not include data from a group of "very mild infections" among those who received the vaccine that did not require clinical assistance.
With the inclusion of this data, the efficacy rate is now 50.4%, said researchers.
But Butantan stressed that the vaccine is 78% effective in preventing mild cases that needed treatment and 100% effective in staving off moderate to serious cases.
The Sinovac trials have yielded different results across different countries.
Last month Turkish researchers said the Sinovac vaccine was 91.25% effective, while Indonesia, which rolled out its mass vaccination programme on Wednesday, said it was 65.3% effective. Both were interim results from late-stage trials.
The latest figures for China's coronavirus vaccine show just how difficult it is to compare vaccines.
On the face of it, the 50% effectiveness figure isn't as good as Oxford's 70% or Pfizer and Moderna's 95%. But trials are run very differently in different countries - the numbers of volunteers enrolled varies wildly, as do the criteria used to test how much protection the vaccines offer.
A figure for efficacy is reached by looking at how many people developed Covid after being given the vaccine, compared with how many were affected when given a dummy injection. Normally, that is based on people developing obvious symptoms but in this Brazilian trial, people with no symptoms also appear to have been included.
So it's only when the full data from all trials of this vaccine are published that scientists can analyse its real efficacy, and compare like with like. Only limited data for this Sinovac vaccine is currently available - and experts say that is confusing the picture.
In the long term, many vaccines against Covid are needed to vaccinate the world and, inevitably, some will perform better than others - but giving as many people as possible some protection is the priority.
2px presentational grey line
There has been concern and criticism that Chinese vaccine trials are not subject to the same scrutiny and levels of transparency as its Western counterparts.
Both the Sinovac vaccine and the vaccine developed by Oxford University and pharmaceutical firm AstraZeneca have requests for emergency use authorisation pending with regulators in Brazil.
The latest news comes as Brazil is dealing with a major spike in cases. The country currently has the third highest number of Covid-19 cases in the world at over 8.1 million, just behind the US and India.
The BBC World Service's Americas editor Candace Piette says the country is suffering one of the world's deadliest outbreaks but as yet, has not announced when its vaccination programme will begin.
The delay has been caused in large part by the government's haphazard and divided approach to vaccination, says our correspondent.
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30th Doing Business with Mongolia Seminar with Scottish Trade Mission www.mongolianbusinessdatabase.com

Thursday January 21st
10am U.K. time, 6pm Mongolian time
Chair John Grogan, Mongolian British Chamber of Commerce
Opening Speeches
Ambassador Tulga, Mongolian Ambassador to the United Kingdom
Daniel Kawczynski MP, Prime Minister's Trade Envoy for Mongolia
Panel
Bolormaa Luvsandorj, Managing Partner, Mongolia Sustainable Development Partners
' The Mongolian Economy '
Amar Adiya, Managing Editor, Mongolian Weekly .
' Government and Politics in Mongolia'
Una Jones, CEO, Sustainable Fibre Alliance.
'Creating a Sustainable Cashmere Valuechain in Mongolia '
Tumennasan Dolgor, Lead Project Manager, International Projects, BSI Group ( British Standards Institution)
''Partnerships and Projects in Mongolia'
To book a place please go to
SCOTTISH ONLiNE TRADE MISSION
An online trade mission from Scotland is being organised by the Scottish Chambers of Commerce supported by the Honorary Consul for Mongolia in Scotland.
Ten companies from the following 5 sectors will take part
Renewable Energy
Alcohol - Whisky and Gin
Agriculture - seed potatoes and cattle
Cashmere
Health and Safety Consultancy
There will be sectoral B2B introductory meetings between 4pm and 6pm Mongolia time on Wednesday January 20th. All being well there will then be a physical trade mission to Ulaanbaatar in September 2021 .
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COVID-19: Ulaanbaatar reports 14 new cases www.montsame.mn

Ulaanbaatar /MONTSAME/ According to the National Center for Communicable Diseases, 14 new cases of COVID-19 were detected in the country after performing PCR testing on 15,849 people nationwide within the past 24 hours.
The new cases were all recorded in Ulaanbaatar city. The people were close contacts of the previously confirmed cases.
No new infections have been recorded in other aimags in the past 24 hours.
Mongolia now has a total of 1456 confirmed cases with 909 recoveries.
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Rio Tinto to move swiftly to resolve Mongolian mine dispute www.smh.com.au

Rio Tinto's new chief executive Jakob Stausholm will move swiftly to strengthen the resources giant's relationship with the Mongolian government in an attempt to defuse a deepening dispute over the $8.7 billion Oyu Tolgoi copper-gold mine expansion.
In a fresh setback for Rio's problem-plagued project, the Mongolian government this week warned the Anglo-Australian miner it was dissatisfied with the progress of the Oyu Tolgoi underground mine expansion and was now considering revoking its 2015 mine development and financing plan unless economic returns were improved.
The plan to enlarge the Oyu Tolgoi mine has been beset by a series of delays and cost blowouts since construction began in 2019.
Mr Stausholm, formerly Rio's chief financial officer, was elevated to the CEO role at the mining giant in December. His predecessor in the role, Jean-Sebastien Jacques, was ousted last year following investor outrage over the destruction of ancient caves in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.
The new Rio CEO has made it clear that forging closer relationships with governments and greater trust with stakeholders in the countries it operates will be one of his top priorities across its global mining operations.
A Rio Tinto spokesperson told The Age and The Sydney Morning Herald the miner is open to lifting the benefits to the Mongolian government from the project, as analysts warn looming renegotiations risk causing further delays and cost blowouts.
"Rio Tinto has been engaged with the government in good faith in relation to the topics raised ... and remains open to improving the underground development plan to increase the benefits of Oyu Tolgoi to all shareholders," a spokesman said.
The Oyu Tolgoi deposit in Mongolia's Gobi Desert is one of the world's largest-known copper and gold deposits. The Mongolian government holds a 34 per cent stake in Oyu Tolgoi and Rio Tinto's majority-owned Turquoise Hill Resources owns 66 per cent.
Top growth project
Rio's long-held plan to enlarge the mine is considered its most important growth project and a key plank of the company's ambition to diversify away from iron ore, which accounts for more than 80 per cent of its earnings. But the project has been beset by a series of long delays and cost blowouts since construction began in 2019. The mine's expansion was first anticipated to cost $US5.3 billion ($6.8 billion) but is now likely to exceed $US6.7 billion ($8.7 billion), Rio told investors in October.
The problems at Oyu Tolgoi loom as an early challenge for Mr Stausholm.
Morgan Stanley analyst Alain Gabriel said the potential renegotiation of the Oyu Tolgoi agreement increased risks around the project's timing and budget.
"Any delays in obtaining approvals beyond the first half of 2021 may result in further value erosion of the project, which we expect to ramp up in October 2022," he said. "A potential renegotiation of the mining agreement could result in some value leakage as the government seeks to accelerate its access to cash flows."
Rio Tinto and its partners have invested more than $11 billion in Oyu Tolgoi over the past decade.
The New York and Toronto-listed shares of Rio's Turquoise Hill Resources, which provides the miner's exposure to Oyu Tolgoi, dropped by nearly 20 per cent following the news of the dispute. Rio shares were down 0.8 per cent to $121.41 on the ASX on Tuesday.
"The government of Mongolia has indicated that if the Oyu Tolgoi project is not economically beneficial to the country, it would be necessary to review and evaluate whether it can proceed." Turquoise Hill said.
"In particular, the government of Mongolia has expressed its intention to initiate discussions with respect to the termination and replacement of the UDP [underground development plan]."
In a statement, Turquoise Hill said it was committed to "engage immediately" with the Mongolian government and Rio Tinto to "revisit the sharing of economic benefits" arising from the Oyu Tolgoi project.
Rio pledged to work with the Mongolian government to ensure the project stayed on track for the next phase of development, which would unlock the most valuable part of the project.
The Oyu Tolgoi mine is Mongolia's biggest source of foreign investment and provides thousands of local jobs.
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Chinese traders increasing coal imports from Russia, Mongolia www.globaltimes.cn

Chinese traders are importing more coal from neighboring countries such as Russia and Mongolia, bringing the security of a healthy supply chain amid the backdrop of global uncertainty and disruption from the epidemic.
Fujian Guohang Ocean Shipping (Group) Co has signed an agreement with Russian coal supplier Elga Coal to set up a joint venture to export coking coal to China. The agreement is expected to escalate the imports of Russian coal by 30 million tons, nearly doubling the total Russian export volume of coal to China from 33 million in 2019, Nikkei reported on January 6.
Chinese coal traders are looking for more cooperation in the north in a bid to diversify supply chains as demand for raw materials is seeing a rising trend amid the production resumption and the cold weather, industry experts said.
As of 2019, China’s top five trading countries for coal are Indonesia, Australia, Russia, Mongolia and the Philippines.
While there may be no big change in structure, there will be some change in share, Zhao Jianguo, secretary-general of China's Coal Transportation Association, told the Global Times on Monday.
Data from industry website cctd.com.cn showed that China imported 75 million tons of coal from Australia in 2019, the same as the previous year, with average monthly imports of 6.31 million tons.
Meanwhile, Chinese suppliers are now diversifying their options in a bid to alleviate the risks from over-dependence on certain sources.
"Now the pattern of coal imports has begun to change. For companies engaged in coal imports, there is also a need to be cautious and balance the impact of certain risks on coal imports,” Guan Dali, an energy analyst at First Futures, told the Global Times.
Last September, Mongolia replaced Australia as the top coking coal supplier to China.
The rise of imports from Mongolia is being facilitated by increased shipping capacity thanks to the launch of the China-Mongolia "green channel" in August, which aims to boost bilateral trade and economic cooperation amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
With the joint project between Fujian Guohang Ocean Shipping (Group) Co and Elga Coal, Russia’s coal supplies to China are also seeing a stronger trend.
"It will be a definite trend for China and Russia to find deeper space for cooperation in the energy sector, including coal,” Lin Boqiang, director of the China Center for Energy Economics Research at Xiamen University, told the Global Times on Monday, noting that companies are also buying more from Russia because they are worried about uncertainty over Australia's policy toward China.
"There is also not much difference in the quality and price between Russian and Australian coal,” said Lin.
Meanwhile, with the tightened sea transport due to the epidemic and other factors, the China-Europe freight train that offers relatively stable capacity and costs is playing a significant role in the sustainability of regional trade, noted Lin.
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